Ontario Paramedic Practice Exam

What is a common side effect of administering nitroglycerin?

1. Headache

2. Hypotension (low blood pressure)

3. Nausea

4. Increased heart rate

The correct answer is: Hypotension (low blood pressure)

Administering nitroglycerin is known to cause several physiological effects, one of which is the dilation of blood vessels, leading to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and, consequently, a reduction in blood pressure. This side effect is particularly significant because nitroglycerin is often used in emergency situations to alleviate chest pain associated with angina or myocardial infarction. When blood vessels dilate, it can result in a pronounced drop in overall blood pressure, which is referred to as hypotension. While other side effects such as headache, nausea, and increased heart rate can occur as well, hypotension is the most critical to monitor given its potential to cause adverse events in patients, such as dizziness or fainting. Therefore, understanding the side effects of nitroglycerin, especially hypotension, is crucial for paramedics in evaluating patient responses and managing care effectively.