What is the first step in the primary assessment according to the ABCs?

The primary assessment in emergency medicine follows a systematic approach, often remembered through the ABCs, which stands for Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. The correct first step is to assess the airway.

Assessing the airway is crucial because it determines if the patient can breathe adequately. An obstructed airway can lead to rapid deterioration of the patient’s condition, regardless of their breathing or circulation status. If the airway is compromised, a paramedic cannot effectively evaluate breathing or circulation, since air cannot reach the lungs to facilitate gas exchange. Hence, it is essential to ensure that the airway is clear and unobstructed before proceeding to assess the next components of the ABCs. This foundational step sets the stage for further assessments and interventions, as maintaining a patent airway is fundamental to ensuring adequate ventilation and oxygenation of the patient.