What is the main risk associated with prolonged CPR?

Prolonged CPR poses a significant risk of hypoxia and the potential for brain injury primarily due to the lack of oxygen delivery to the brain and other vital organs. When cardiopulmonary resuscitation is administered for an extended period without the return of spontaneous circulation, there is a continued risk that oxygen levels will diminish, leading to hypoxia. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxygen deprivation; any significant duration without adequate oxygen can result in irreversible brain damage or death.

While other options can relate to complications from prolonged CPR, such as potential rib fractures from aggressive chest compressions or decreased circulation if resuscitation continues for too long without the return of heartbeat, the most critical consequence remains the risk of inadequate oxygen flow, making brain injury a primary concern in cases of prolonged CPR. The emphasis on neurological outcomes is crucial in emergency medicine, highlighting the importance of effective and timely interventions in resuscitation efforts.