Ontario Paramedic Practice Exam

What is the preferred method of delivering oxygen in a pre-hospital setting?

1. Simple face mask

2. Nasal cannula or non-rebreather mask

3. Bag-valve mask

4. High-flow oxygen

The correct answer is: Nasal cannula or non-rebreather mask

The preferred method of delivering oxygen in a pre-hospital setting is the combined use of nasal cannula and non-rebreather mask due to their versatility and effectiveness in various clinical scenarios. A non-rebreather mask is capable of delivering a high concentration of oxygen, which is critical for patients who exhibit signs of severe respiratory distress or require immediate oxygenation, such as those with conditions like pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), or trauma. It minimizes the amount of room air that mixes with the supplemental oxygen, ensuring that the patient receives a higher percentage of oxygen directly. Nasal cannulas, on the other hand, are suitable for patients who require less intensive oxygen therapy and are often used for patients who are ambulatory or in less acute distress. They allow for comfort and mobility while still providing supplemental oxygen efficiently. The combination of both options allows paramedics to assess the needs of the patient and provide an appropriate level of care quickly. In instances of evolving patient presentations, the flexibility to transition between methods (if the patient's condition worsens or stabilizes) is crucial. In contrast, a simple face mask provides a moderate level of oxygen but is generally less effective than a non-rebreather mask in critical situations.