Ontario Paramedic Practice Exam

What is the primary purpose of capnography in a medical emergency?

1. To check the patient's heart rate

2. To monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in exhaled air

3. To measure blood oxygen levels

4. To assess the patient's blood pressure

The correct answer is: To monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in exhaled air

The primary purpose of capnography in a medical emergency is to monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in exhaled air. This technique provides real-time information about a patient's ventilation status, which is crucial for assessing their respiratory function. By analyzing the levels of carbon dioxide, healthcare providers can gain insights into the effectiveness of ventilation and detect any potential issues such as hypoventilation or hyperventilation. Capnography is particularly valuable in situations where a patient's airway may be compromised, such as in cases of respiratory distress, cardiac arrest, or when they are undergoing sedation. Changes in the capnography waveform can indicate the need for intervention, such as intubation or adjustments in ventilator settings. Monitoring blood oxygen levels, checking heart rate, or assessing blood pressure are important aspects of patient evaluation; however, they do not directly provide information about the efficacy of ventilation. Capnography specifically targets CO2 levels, making it an essential tool for ensuring that a patient is breathing properly during medical emergencies.