Ontario Paramedic Practice Exam

What is the primary treatment for a patient experiencing an asthma attack?

1. Administration of corticosteroids

2. Administration of bronchodilators (such as albuterol)

3. Oxygen therapy

4. Administering saline nebulization

The correct answer is: Administration of bronchodilators (such as albuterol)

The primary treatment for a patient experiencing an asthma attack is the administration of bronchodilators, such as albuterol. During an asthma attack, the airways become inflamed and constricted, leading to difficulty breathing. Bronchodilators work by relaxing and opening the airways, allowing for improved airflow and easier breathing. They act quickly, making them the first line of defense in acute asthma management. While corticosteroids can be beneficial in managing chronic asthma and reducing inflammation over a longer period, they do not provide immediate relief during an acute attack. Oxygen therapy may be necessary if the patient is severely hypoxic, but it does not address the underlying bronchoconstriction. Saline nebulization can help with hydration of the airways, but it is not a primary treatment for an asthma attack as it does not resolve bronchospasm. Thus, the rapid action and effectiveness of bronchodilators make them the most critical treatment option in an acute asthma situation.