Ontario Paramedic Practice Exam

When assessing a patient with suspected head trauma, what should you monitor closely?

1. Heart rate and blood pressure

2. Changes in consciousness or level of alertness

3. Pupil size and reaction to light

4. Respiratory rate and effort

The correct answer is: Changes in consciousness or level of alertness

Monitoring changes in consciousness or level of alertness in a patient with suspected head trauma is critical because such changes can indicate the severity and progression of intracranial injury. Alterations in consciousness can range from confusion and disorientation to lethargy and unresponsiveness, and these changes can signal increased intracranial pressure, brain injury, or other complications. When a patient experiences head trauma, their neurological status can rapidly deteriorate. Therefore, consistently assessing their level of alertness helps paramedics determine the urgency of medical intervention needed. This close monitoring can guide treatment decisions and inform healthcare providers about the patient's condition during transport and at the receiving facility. Other factors, like changes in pupils or respiratory rate, are also important in assessing brain function and overall stability. Still, closely monitoring consciousness provides the most immediate insight into the patient's neurologic status and potential need for intervention.